Purification, structure features and anti-atherosclerosis activity of a Laminaria japonica polysaccharide

Int J Biol Macromol. 2015 Nov:81:926-35. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.09.027. Epub 2015 Sep 21.

Abstract

A homogeneous polysaccharide (LJP12) was isolated from Laminaria japonica by diethylaminoethyl-cellulose and Sephacryl S-500 chromatography, with a molecular weight of 2.31×10(6)Da. Monosaccharide analysis showed that LJP12 was mainly composed of arabinose, xylose, mannose, glucose and galactose in a molar ratio of 1:0.17:1.54:2.64:0.18. For these monosaccharides, mannose was suggested to be 1,4-linked and 1,3,6-linked while glucose was linked by 1,6-glycosidic bond. The xylose, arabinose and galactose were suggested to be the terminal residues. To study the effects of LJP12 on protecting against atherosclerosis, LJP12 was administered to LDL receptor-deficient (LDLr(-/-)) mice (50, 100 and 200mg/kg/day, n=30 for each experimental group). Results showed that LJP12 exhibited the ability to inhibit high-fat-cholesterol diet (HFD)-induced formation of atherosclerotic plaques and plasma lipid levels in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, both the HFD-induced systemic inflammation and local inflammation at the site of atherosclerotic lesion were significantly attenuated by LJP12, which were accompanied by the suppression of the activation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathways. Taken together, we concluded that long-term oral administration of LJP12 protects against atherosclerosis in LDLr(-/-) mice via inhibiting NF-κB/MAPKs-mediated inflammatory responses.

Keywords: Anti-atherosclerosis; Laminaria japonica; Polysaccharide.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Atherosclerosis / blood
  • Atherosclerosis / drug therapy*
  • Atherosclerosis / genetics
  • Atherosclerosis / pathology
  • Carotid Intima-Media Thickness
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules / blood
  • Cell Movement / drug effects
  • Chemokines / blood
  • Diet, High-Fat
  • Gene Expression Regulation / drug effects
  • Laminaria / chemistry*
  • Lipid Metabolism / drug effects
  • Lipid Metabolism / genetics
  • Lipids / blood
  • Macrophages / drug effects
  • Macrophages / pathology
  • Male
  • Malondialdehyde / blood
  • Methylation
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
  • Monosaccharides / analysis
  • NF-kappa B
  • Plaque, Atherosclerotic / blood
  • Plaque, Atherosclerotic / drug therapy
  • Plaque, Atherosclerotic / genetics
  • Plaque, Atherosclerotic / pathology
  • Polysaccharides / chemistry
  • Polysaccharides / isolation & purification*
  • Polysaccharides / pharmacology
  • Polysaccharides / therapeutic use*
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
  • Superoxide Dismutase / blood

Substances

  • Cell Adhesion Molecules
  • Chemokines
  • Lipids
  • Monosaccharides
  • NF-kappa B
  • Polysaccharides
  • RNA, Messenger
  • Malondialdehyde
  • Superoxide Dismutase
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases