Determination of alkylphenols in water samples using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry after pre-column derivatization with dansyl chloride

J Chromatogr A. 2015 Oct 23:1417:49-56. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.09.030. Epub 2015 Sep 11.

Abstract

The present study describes an effect of reaction condition of pre-column derivatization of alkylphenols (APs): bisphenol A (BPA), 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP), 4-octylphenol (4-OP), 4-n-nonylphenol (4-n-NP), and isomers of 4-nonylphenol (iso-NP) with 5-(dimethylamino) naphthalene-1-sulfonyl chloride (dansyl chloride, DNSC) on their LC-ESI-MS/MS determination in water samples. Chemical derivatization improves the sensitivity and selectivity of LC-MS/MS analysis. In principle, alkylphenols can be analyzed by LC-MS/MS without derivatization. However, pre-column derivatization of APs increases the sensitivity up to 1000 times in comparison with the analysis of underivatized alkylphenols. Reaction conditions affecting formation of the DNSC-derivatives, such as various solvent, reaction temperature, reaction time, DNSC concentration and pH values were tested. The most suitable conditions, in terms of achieving a high sensitivity, resulting from this study are: acetonitrile as reaction solvent, 60 min as reaction time, 60 °C as reaction temperature, pH values 10.5, 0.5 mg mL(-1) as DNSC concentration. Calibration curves are linear at least in the range of 1-1000 ng mL(-1), limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) ranging from 0.02 to 0.25 pg/injection and from 0.08 to 0.83 pg/injection, respectively. The improved procedure was successfully applied for the analysis of APs and BPA in real water samples. The median concentration of BPA and iso-NP obtained in bottled waters was 4.7 ng L(-1) and 33.5 ng L(-1), respectively. The median concentration of 4-t-OP was 1.3 ng L(-1.)

Keywords: Alkylphenols; Chemical derivatization of alkylphenols; Electrospray ionization; Liquid chromatography; Tandem mass spectrometry.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Benzhydryl Compounds / analysis
  • Chromatography, Liquid / methods
  • Dansyl Compounds / chemistry*
  • Drinking Water / analysis
  • Indicators and Reagents
  • Limit of Detection
  • Phenols / analysis
  • Tandem Mass Spectrometry / methods
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / analysis*

Substances

  • Benzhydryl Compounds
  • Dansyl Compounds
  • Drinking Water
  • Indicators and Reagents
  • Phenols
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical
  • nonylphenol
  • 4-octylphenol
  • 4-nonylphenol
  • 4-tert-octylphenol
  • bisphenol A
  • dansyl chloride