Retina is the classic "neurovascular coupling" tissue, and coordinate the bioactivity of neurobiology and retinal blood flow. Müller glia cells span the entire thickness of the tissue, and ensheath all retinal neurons and microvascular of the retina. This morphological relationship is reflected by a multitude of functional interactions between neurons and blood-retinal barrier, and play fundamental roles in diabetic retinopathy. However, in recent studies, the mechanisms of Müller glia cells in retinal neurodegeneration and microcirculatory abnormalities of diabetic retinopathy are underestimating. Therefore, the present article reaffirms the interrelationship between Müller glia cells and diabetic retinopathy to draw the attentions of researchers.