Objective: To investigate relationship between the clustering of risk factors and the prevalence of hypertension among planned pregnancy couples in Chongqing.
Methods: From April to December 2013, proportional multi-stage stratified cluster randomized sampling method was used to collect 11 953 pairs of planned pregnancy couples from 19 districts (counties) in Chongqing for questionnaire, physical examination and blood glucose test. Univariate and multivariate statistical methods were used to describe the correlation between risk factors clustering of hypertension, prevalence of hypertension was standardized by the 6th census data of Chongqing city.
Results: The standardized prevalence of hypertension of planned pregnancy couples in Chongqing was 15.6% (95% CI: 15.1%-16.0%), while the standardized prevalence of husbands was 16.7% (95% CI: 16.0%-17.4%), and of wives 14.2% (95% CI: 13.6%-14.9%). The three highest proportion of risk factors surveyed were the economic pressures (95.1%, 22 732/23 906), family history (24.9%, 5 950/23 906), overweight and obesity (22.3%, 5 341/23 906). Husband group, the risk of men with family history, overweight, obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, with economic pressure were higher than those who without family history, normal weight, no smoking, no drinking, no economic pressure by 2.49(1.88-3.31), 1.85(1.68-2.03), 1.29(1.22-1.37), 1.16(1.11-1.23), 1.09 (1.03-1.16) times. Wife group, the risk of women with family history, high blood sugar, alcohol, with economic pressure were higher than those who without family history, blood sugar normal, no drinking, no economic pressure by 3.07(2.43-3.89), 2.92(2.52-3.38), 1.28(1.12-1.49), 1.21(1.05-1.39), 2.52(1.40-4.53) times. With the increased number of accumulation hypertension risk factors, the prevalence and hypertension associated OR value increased among husbands and wives. Husband with the aggregation number from 2 to 5 had the OR value (OR = 3.45, 95% CI: 1.41-8.46), (OR = 5.68, 95% CI: 2.32-13.93), (OR = 9.61, 95% CI: 3.92-23.59), (OR = 15.20, 95% CI: 6.10-37.87); Wife with the aggregation number from 2 to 4 had the OR value (OR = 3.85, 95% CI: 1.41-10.52), (OR = 6.18, 95% CI: 2.23-17.15), (OR = 9.30, 95% CI: 3.15-27.48).
Conclusion: Family history, overweight, obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, excessive economic pressure were the major risk factors for hypertension among planned pregnancy couples in Chongqing. With the increase of the risk factors items numbers, the risk of hypertension increases.