Background and objective: Lung cancer is the type of cancer with the highest incidence and mortality in numerous countries and regions. Establishing an appropriate animal model that can be used to simulate lung cancer etiology, pathogenesis, and similar processes, is urgent. We explore the feasibility of establishing a lung cancer model induced by Xuanwei bituminous coal dust PM10 (particulate matter with diameters of 10 μm or less), which affects bronchial epithelium of tree shrews.
Methods: The neck skin of adult tree shrews is dissected, and the thyroid cartilage is fully exposed. Subsequently, the weak part at the top of the thyroid cartilage is treated with intratracheal agents by perfusion via a special infusion needle puncture method. Regular X-ray examination and lung tissue biopsy were performed on the sacrificed animals to observe changes in pulmonary imaging and bronchial epithelial cells after perfusion of Xuanwei bituminous coal dust PM 10.
Results: The tree shrews of the experimental group (exposed to bituminous coal dust) died in a week after perfusion with PM10, whereas no animal died until the end of the experiment in the blank control and the solvent control groups. Sections of lung tissue biopsy of the regularly killed tree shrews were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The lung tissues of tree shrews in the experimental group showed a serial changes caused by bronchial epithelial hyperplasia, such as squamous metaplasia, dysplasia, and early invasive carcinoma, whereas no significant pathological changes were observed in the blank control and solvent control groups.
Conclusions: Endotracheal infusion of Xuanwei bituminous coal dust PM10 induces lung cancer in tree shrews. Thus, the lung cancer model was established. .
背景与目的 肺癌在许多国家和地区已成为发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤，建立科学合适的肺癌动物模型，用以模拟出与人类肺癌的病因、发病机制、发展过程相似的动物模型是亟待解决的问题。通过宣威烟煤粉尘PM10（particulate matter with diameters of 10 μm or less, PM10）对树鼩支气管上皮的影响，探索建立宣威烟煤粉尘致肺癌模型的可行性。方法 健康成年树鼩，切开颈部皮肤，充分暴露甲状软骨，于甲状软骨上方薄弱处，采用特制灌注针行穿刺的方法进行气管内试剂灌注。定期行X线检查，观察肺部影像学改变，处死动物行肺组织病理检查，观察灌注后支气管上皮改变情况。结果 烟尘处理组树鼩灌注药物后1周内开始死亡，空白对照组、溶剂对照组树鼩灌注后至实验结束无异常死亡。定期处死树鼩行肺组织HE染色切片病理检查，空白对照组及溶剂对照组无明显病理改变，烟尘处理组树鼩肺组织可见支气管粘膜上皮过度增生-鳞状化生-不典型增生-早期浸润癌的病理变化过程。结论 宣威烟煤粉尘可以导致树鼩支气管上皮出现支气管粘膜上皮过度增生-鳞状化生-不典型增生-早期浸润癌的病理变化，应用宣威烟煤粉尘PM10行气管内灌注可以诱发树鼩肺癌。可以建立肺癌模型。.