TET proteins in cancer: Current 'state of the art'

Agnieszka Anna Rawłuszko-Wieczorek; Agnieszka Siera; Paweł Piotr Jagodziński

doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.07.008

TET proteins in cancer: Current 'state of the art'

Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2015 Dec;96(3):425-36. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.07.008. Epub 2015 Jul 26.

Authors

Agnieszka Anna Rawłuszko-Wieczorek¹, Agnieszka Siera², Paweł Piotr Jagodziński²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland. Electronic address: arawluszko@ump.edu.pl.
² Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland.

PMID: 26276226
DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.07.008

Abstract

Aberrations in DNA methylation patterns are observed from the early stages of carcinogenesis. However, the mechanisms that drive these changes remain elusive. The recent characterization of ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes as a source of newly modified cytosines (5-hydroxymethylcytosine, 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine) has shed new light on the DNA demethylation process. These cytosines are intermediates of an active DNA demethylation process and are epigenetic markers per se. In this review, we discuss the mechanism and function of TET proteins in biological processes as well as current knowledge regarding their expression and regulation in cancer.

Keywords: 5-hmC; Cancer; DNA methylation; TET.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

DNA Methylation*
Humans
Mixed Function Oxygenases / genetics*
Mixed Function Oxygenases / metabolism*
Neoplasms / physiopathology*
Proto-Oncogene Proteins / genetics*
Proto-Oncogene Proteins / metabolism*

Substances

Proto-Oncogene Proteins
Mixed Function Oxygenases
TET1 protein, human