Introduction: A sagittal spinal deformity can lead to a significant reduction in quality of life. A loss of lumbar lordosis, which may be degenerative or iatrogenic, is usually identified as the main driver for a sagittal imbalance. Re-lordosing the lumbar spine has the potential to correct a global sagittal imbalance. Different surgical techniques are available. The present video describes the pedicle subtraction osteotomy, which represents a powerful option for rigid and severe deformities.
Indication: The pedicle subtraction osteotomy is most suitable for rigid deformities due to a lack of lumbar lordosis in which re-lordosing of 30° or more is intended. This is often the case if the difference between lumbar lordosis and pelvic incidence exceeds 30°.
Method: The osteotomy begins with a wide laminectomy. The facet joints above and the pars interarticulares below the pedicles are removed. The pedicle is osteotomised in a wedge-shaped technique and resected while the dura and the exiting nerve root are protected with retractors. After resection of the posterior wall of the vertebral body, the osteotomy can be closed using the anterior wall of the vertebral body as pivot.
Conclusion: The pedicle subtraction osteotomy represents a powerful surgical technique for correction of a sagittal spinal imbalance.
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.