Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals coordinated ectopic gene-expression patterns in medullary thymic epithelial cells

Nat Immunol. 2015 Sep;16(9):933-41. doi: 10.1038/ni.3246. Epub 2015 Aug 3.

Abstract

Expression of tissue-restricted self antigens (TRAs) in medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) is essential for the induction of self-tolerance and prevents autoimmunity, with each TRA being expressed in only a few mTECs. How this process is regulated in single mTECs and is coordinated at the population level, such that the varied single-cell patterns add up to faithfully represent TRAs, is poorly understood. Here we used single-cell RNA sequencing and obtained evidence of numerous recurring TRA-co-expression patterns, each present in only a subset of mTECs. Co-expressed genes clustered in the genome and showed enhanced chromatin accessibility. Our findings characterize TRA expression in mTECs as a coordinated process that might involve local remodeling of chromatin and thus ensures a comprehensive representation of the immunological self.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Autoantigens / genetics*
  • Autoimmunity / immunology
  • Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly
  • Epithelial Cells / immunology*
  • Epithelial Cells / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Profiling
  • Gene Expression Regulation / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism*
  • Self Tolerance / genetics
  • Self Tolerance / immunology*
  • Single-Cell Analysis
  • Thymus Gland / cytology
  • Thymus Gland / immunology*
  • Thymus Gland / metabolism

Substances

  • Autoantigens
  • RNA, Messenger