Garlic and alpha lipoic supplementation enhance the immune system of albino rats and alleviate implications of pesticides mixtures

Manal Ea Elhalwagy; Nevine S Darwish; Dina A Shokry; Aly Ge Abd El-Aal; Sherif H Abd-Alrahman; Abd-Alhamed Nahas; Reem M Ziada

Garlic and alpha lipoic supplementation enhance the immune system of albino rats and alleviate implications of pesticides mixtures

Int J Clin Exp Med. 2015 May 15;8(5):7689-700. eCollection 2015.

Authors

Manal Ea Elhalwagy¹, Nevine S Darwish², Dina A Shokry³, Aly Ge Abd El-Aal³, Sherif H Abd-Alrahman⁴, Abd-Alhamed Nahas⁵, Reem M Ziada⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science for Girls, King Abdulaziz University P.O Box 51459, Jeddah 21453, KSA.
² Department of Histology, Research Institute of Ophthalmology Giza 12211, Egypt.
³ Department Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University Egypt.
⁴ Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University PO Box, 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Department of Mammalian Toxicology, Pesticide Central Laboratory, Agriculture Research Center Giza 12618, Egypt.

PMID: 26221319
PMCID: PMC4509264

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate age dependent immune-system response versus exposure to different doses of mixture of (chlorpyrifos, profenofose, and fenitrothion) and/or combined with 60 and 250 mg kg(-1) alpha lipoic acid and garlic, respectively. 120 males of albino rats were divided to two groups according to age; weaning group (2 months age and 60-80 gm.), adult (6 months and 180-200 gm). Each age was divided into 6 subgroups treated orally for 3 months , G1 (control), G2 high dose (HDPM) CPF10 mg kg(-1), PRO 3 mg kg(-1), FEN 6 mg kg(-1), G3 low dose (LDPM) CPF 1 mg kg(-1), PFN 0.3 mg kg(-1) and FEN 0.6 mg kg(-1), G4 AOX (alpha lipoic + Garlic), G5 HDPM + AOX and G6 LDPM + AOX. Results showed significant inhibition in serum acetylcholinesterase (AChE), elevation in malondialdehyde (MDA) concurrent with reduction in total reduced glutathione (GSH) in both ages was recorded as well as, decrease in IGG, IGM, Lymphocyte transformation and Phagocytosis humeral and cellular immunity confirmed by alteration in lymph nodes architecture. This study was concluded that the supplementation with alpha lipoic acid and garlic improved previous alternations slightly to be more or less near the control level in both adult and weaning rats. It seems that, immune-responses of both adult and weaning rats were slightly similar.

Keywords: Organophosphorus pesticides; alpha lipoic acid; garlic; immunotoxicity; weaning.