Drug Release and Targeting: the Versatility of Polymethacrylate Nanoparticles for Peroral Administration Revealed by Using an Optimized In Vitro-Toolbox

Pharm Res. 2015 Dec;32(12):3986-98. doi: 10.1007/s11095-015-1759-2. Epub 2015 Jul 28.

Abstract

Purpose: The contribution of permeability and drug release to drug targeting were investigated in the course of development of a nanosized formulation of the anti-inflammatory compound TMP-001, for the local treatment in the gastrointestinal tract.

Methods: TMP-001 was encapsulated by nanoprecipitation into Eudragit® RS 100. The permeability of these carriers was investigated in an Ussing chamber model and the release rate was determined under biorelevant conditions. Formulation toxicity and particle-cell-interaction were investigated by flow cytometry, fluorescence and electron microscopy. Furthermore, spray drying was performed.

Results: Effective internalization of Eudragit®-nanoparticles into cancer cells was demonstrated. A burst release of the nanoparticles implied poor interaction of TMP-001 with Eudragit®. A sustained release (70.5% release after 30 min compared to 98.0% for the API) was accomplished after spray drying yielded an increased particle size. Recovery rate of TMP-001 after spray drying was 94.2 ± 5.9%.

Conclusion: The release of API from polymeric nanoparticles contributes profoundly to the in vivo-performance of drug delivery devices in the gastrointestinal tract. The impact of drug-polymer interaction and particle size was analyzed. Sustained release of TMP-001 could only be achieved by increasing particle size. Therefore, biorelevant release testing has been demonstrated to be a valid tool for nanoformulation design.

Keywords: Eudragit® RS 100; Ussing chamber; biorelevant release; nanoparticles; peroral drug delivery.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacokinetics
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology
  • Caco-2 Cells
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / administration & dosage*
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / pharmacokinetics
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Drug Carriers / chemistry*
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Drug Liberation
  • Humans
  • Nanoparticles / chemistry*
  • Particle Size
  • Polymethacrylic Acids / chemistry*

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors
  • Drug Carriers
  • Polymethacrylic Acids
  • methylmethacrylate-methacrylic acid copolymer