Propofol Provides More Effective Protection for Circulating Lymphocytes Than Sevoflurane in Patients Undergoing Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2015 Oct;29(5):1172-9. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2015.01.008. Epub 2015 Feb 19.

Abstract

Objectives: To compare the effects of propofol, sevoflurane, and the combination of the 2 on circulating lymphocytes in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft (OPCAB) surgery.

Design: A prospective, randomized study.

Setting: A university hospital.

Participants: One hundred five patients undergoing elective OPCAB surgery.

Interventions: Participants were randomized to receive sevoflurane (group S), propofol (group P), or coadministration (group C) of sevoflurane- and propofol-maintained anesthesia.

Measurements and main results: Blood samples were obtained before, during, and after surgery. Caspase-3 and apoptosis-inducing factor in lymphocytes were evaluated by Western blot. During surgery, 5 minutes after revascularization of the left anterior descending artery, 5 minutes after all anastomoses (T4), and after the sternal closure (T5), caspase-3 expression of group S was higher than that of group P (p = 0.02) and group C (p = 0.02). At T4 and T5, expression of active apoptosis-inducing factor in group S was higher than that in the other 2 groups (p = 0.03 and p = 0.04, respectively). 24 hours after surgery, the lymphocyte count of group S (0.55/nL) was lower than that of group P (0.73/nL, p = 0.02) and group C (0.73/nL, p = 0.03). Intensive care unit stay of group S (3.0 days) was longer than that of the other 2 groups (2.2 days, p = 0.02 and 2.1 days, p = 0.01).

Conclusions: OPCAB surgery was associated with postoperative lymphopenia. Regarding a protective effect for circulating lymphocytes, propofol and the combination of sevoflurane- and propofol-maintained anesthesia were both superior to sevoflurane-maintained anesthesia.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01461551.

Keywords: apoptosis-inducing factor; cysteine-aspartic acid protease capsase-3; lymphocyte; off-pump coronary artery bypass graft; propofol; sevoflurane.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Anesthetics, Inhalation / blood
  • Anesthetics, Inhalation / pharmacology*
  • Anesthetics, Intravenous / blood
  • Anesthetics, Intravenous / pharmacology*
  • Apoptosis Inducing Factor / blood
  • Apoptosis Inducing Factor / drug effects
  • Blotting, Western
  • Caspase 3 / blood
  • Caspase 3 / drug effects
  • Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump*
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Humans
  • Lymphocytes / drug effects*
  • Male
  • Methyl Ethers / blood
  • Methyl Ethers / pharmacology*
  • Middle Aged
  • Propofol / blood
  • Propofol / pharmacology*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Sevoflurane
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Anesthetics, Inhalation
  • Anesthetics, Intravenous
  • Apoptosis Inducing Factor
  • Methyl Ethers
  • Sevoflurane
  • Caspase 3
  • Propofol

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01461551