EFFECTS OF VITAMIN C SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE CHRONIC PHASE OF CHAGAS DISEASE

Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2015 May-Jun;57(3):245-50. doi: 10.1590/S0036-46652015000300011.

Abstract

Introduction: In order to examine the effectiveness of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in combating the oxidative insult caused by Trypanosoma cruzi during the development of the chronic phase of Chagas disease, Swiss mice were infected intraperitoneally with 5.0 × 104 trypomastigotes of T. cruzi QM1strain.

Methods: Mice were given supplements of two different doses of vitamin C for 180 days. Levels of lipid oxidation (as indicated by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances-TBARS), total peroxide, vitamin C, and reduced glutathione were measured in the plasma, TBARS, total peroxide and vitamin C were measured in the myocardium and histopathologic analysis was undertaken in heart, colon and skeletal muscle.

Results: Animals that received a dose equivalent to 500 mg of vitamin C daily showed increased production of ROS in plasma and myocardium and a greater degree of inflammation and necrosis in skeletal muscles than those that received a lower dose or no vitamin C whatsoever.

Conclusion: Although some research has shown the antioxidant effect of vitamin C, the results showed that animals subject to a 500 mg dose of vitamin C showed greater tissue damage in the chronic phase of Chagas disease, probably due to the paradoxical actions of the substance, which in this pathology, will have acted as a pro-oxidant or pro-inflammatory.

Introdução:: Para verificar a eficácia da vitamina C em combater o insulto oxidativo causado pelo Trypanosoma cruzi durante a evolução da fase crônica da doença de Chagas, camundongos Swiss foram previamente infectados via intraperitoneal com 5.0 × 104 tripomastigotas da cepa QM1 de T. cruzi.

Métodos:: Camundongos foram suplementados com duas diferentes doses de vitamina C por 180 dias. Foram mensurados os níveis de peroxidação lipídica (indicado por substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico-TBARS), peróxido total, vitamina C, e glutationa reduzida no plasma e TBARS, peróxido total e vitamina C no miocárdio, e foi realizado o estudo histopatológico em coração, cólon e músculo esquelético.

Resultados:: Animais que receberam diariamente uma dosagem equivalente a 500 mg de vitamina C apresentaram aumento na produção de ROS e RNS no plasma e no miocárdio e maior grau de inflamação e necrose em músculo esquelético em comparação àqueles que receberam doses menores ou nenhuma vitamina C.

Conclusão:: Embora muitas pesquisas tenham mostrado o efeito antioxidante da vitamina C, nossos resultados mostraram que os animais que foram expostos a 500 mg de vitamina C apresentaram maior dano tecidual na fase crônica da doença de Chagas, provavelmente devido a ações paradoxais desta substância, onde nesta patologia, poderá agir como pró-oxidante ou pró-inflamatória.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antioxidants / administration & dosage*
  • Ascorbic Acid / administration & dosage*
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Chagas Disease / blood
  • Chagas Disease / drug therapy*
  • Chagas Disease / pathology
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  • Chronic Disease
  • Dietary Supplements*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Glutathione / blood
  • Lipid Peroxidation
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Nitric Oxide / blood
  • Peroxidase / blood
  • Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Biomarkers
  • Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances
  • Nitric Oxide
  • Peroxidase
  • Glutathione
  • Ascorbic Acid