Systemic lupus erythematosus: An update for ophthalmologists

Efrosini Papagiannuli; Benjamin Rhodes; Graham R Wallace; Caroline Gordon; Philip I Murray; Alastair K Denniston

doi:10.1016/j.survophthal.2015.06.003

Systemic lupus erythematosus: An update for ophthalmologists

Surv Ophthalmol. 2016 Jan-Feb;61(1):65-82. doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2015.06.003. Epub 2015 Jul 18.

Authors

Efrosini Papagiannuli¹, Benjamin Rhodes², Graham R Wallace³, Caroline Gordon⁴, Philip I Murray⁵, Alastair K Denniston⁶

Affiliations

¹ Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK; Birmingham & Midland Eye Centre, Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK. Electronic address: e.papagiannuli@nhs.net.
² Department of Rheumatology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHSFT, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK.
³ Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK.
⁴ Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK; Department of Rheumatology, City Hospital, Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK.
⁵ Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK; Birmingham & Midland Eye Centre, Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK.
⁶ Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK; Birmingham & Midland Eye Centre, Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK; Department of Ophthalmology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHSFT, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK.

PMID: 26197421
DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2015.06.003

Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a life-threatening multisystem inflammatory condition that may affect almost any part of the eye. We provide an update for the practicing ophthalmologist comprising a systematic review of the recent literature presented in the context of current knowledge of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of this condition. We review recent advances in the understanding of the influence of genetic and environmental factors on the development of SLE. Recent changes in the diagnostic criteria for SLE are considered. We assess the potential for novel molecular biomarkers to find a clinical application in disease diagnosis and stratification and in the development of therapeutic agents. We discuss limited forms of SLE and their differentiation from other collagen vascular disorders and review recent evidence underlying the use of established and novel therapeutics in this condition, including specific implications regarding monitoring for ocular toxicity associated with antimalarials.

Keywords: Sjogren syndrome; anti-phospholipid syndrome; keratoconjunctivitis sicca; lupus retinopathy; systemic lupus erythematosus.

Publication types

Review
Systematic Review

MeSH terms

Antiphospholipid Syndrome / diagnosis
Antiphospholipid Syndrome / etiology
Antiphospholipid Syndrome / therapy
Eye Diseases* / diagnosis
Eye Diseases* / etiology
Eye Diseases* / therapy
Humans
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca / diagnosis
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca / etiology
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca / therapy
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* / diagnosis
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* / etiology
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* / therapy
Ophthalmology
Retinal Diseases / diagnosis
Retinal Diseases / etiology
Retinal Diseases / therapy
Sjogren's Syndrome / diagnosis
Sjogren's Syndrome / etiology
Sjogren's Syndrome / therapy

Grants and funding

G0600416/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom