Two-dimensional ultrafast vibrational spectroscopy of azides in ionic liquids reveals solute-specific solvation

Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2015 Oct 28;17(40):26575-9. doi: 10.1039/c5cp02119g.

Abstract

The stereochemistry and the reaction rates of bimolecular nucleophilic substitution reactions involving azides in ionic liquids are governed by solute-solvent interactions. Two-dimensional ultrafast vibrational spectroscopy (2D-IR) shows that the picosecond dynamics of inorganic azides are substantially slower than organic azides in a series of homologous imidazolium ionic liquids. In water, both organic and inorganic azides spectrally diffuse with a ∼2 ps time constant. In the aprotic solvent tetrahydrofuran, both kinds of azides spectrally diffuse on a timescale >5 ps. In ionic liquids, like 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM][BF4]), organic azides spectrally diffuse with a 2-4 ps time constant, and inorganic azides spectrally diffuse with a >40 ps time constant. Such a striking difference suggests that neutral (organic) and charged (inorganic) azides are incorporated in the ionic liquids with different solvation structures.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Azides / chemistry*
  • Imidazoles / chemistry*
  • Ionic Liquids / chemistry*
  • Nitriles / chemistry*
  • Solubility
  • Spectrophotometry, Infrared
  • Time Factors
  • Vibration*
  • Water / chemistry*

Substances

  • 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetracyanoborate
  • Azides
  • Imidazoles
  • Ionic Liquids
  • Nitriles
  • Water