Intraoperative Changes in Cerebrospinal Fluid Gas Tensions Reflect Paraplegia During Thoracoabdominal Aortic Surgery: A Proof-of-Principle Study

Vasc Endovascular Surg. 2015 Apr-May;49(3-4):84-92. doi: 10.1177/1538574415595210. Epub 2015 Jul 15.

Abstract

Background: In this study, gas tensions in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were prospectively evaluated as intraoperative markers for the detection of neurological deficits.

Methods: Spinal fluid, serum, and heart lung machine (HLM) perfusate were monitored for gas tensions (po 2/pCo 2) and related parameters (pH, lactate, and glucose) during thoracoabdominal aortic repair and correlated with perioperative neurological examination and electrophysiological testing.

Results: Forty-seven patients were assessed for the study, and 40 consecutive patients were finally included. The patients were divided into 3 groups: group A (23 patients, 57.5%): no clinical or laboratory signs of neurological damage; group B (14 patients, 35%) who developed subclinical deficits; and group C (3 patients, 7.5%) who had paraplegia. Significant intraoperative changes in CSF gas tensions were observed with postoperative paraplegia. Glucose ratio between serum and CSF showed higher variability in group C, confirming a damage of the blood-brain barrier (BBB).

Conclusion: Major neurological damage is reflected by early changes in CSF gas tensions and glucose variability, suggesting damage of the BBB in these patients.

Keywords: CSF drainage; paraplegia; thoracoabdominal aortic repair.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aorta, Thoracic / surgery*
  • Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic / diagnosis
  • Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic / surgery*
  • Biomarkers / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Blood-Brain Barrier / metabolism
  • Carbon Dioxide / cerebrospinal fluid*
  • Female
  • Glucose / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring
  • Lactic Acid / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Monitoring, Intraoperative / methods*
  • Oxygen / cerebrospinal fluid*
  • Paraplegia / cerebrospinal fluid*
  • Paraplegia / diagnosis
  • Paraplegia / etiology
  • Paraplegia / physiopathology
  • Pilot Projects
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vascular Surgical Procedures / adverse effects*

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Carbon Dioxide
  • Lactic Acid
  • Glucose
  • Oxygen