Insect Antimicrobial Peptide Complexes Prevent Resistance Development in Bacteria

PLoS One. 2015 Jul 15;10(7):e0130788. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130788. eCollection 2015.

Abstract

In recent decades much attention has been paid to antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as natural antibiotics, which are presumably protected from resistance development in bacteria. However, experimental evolution studies have revealed prompt resistance increase in bacteria to any individual AMP tested. Here we demonstrate that naturally occurring compounds containing insect AMP complexes have clear advantage over individual peptide and small molecule antibiotics in respect of drug resistance development. As a model we have used the compounds isolated from bacteria challenged maggots of Calliphoridae flies. The compound isolated from blow fly Calliphora vicina was found to contain three distinct families of cell membrane disrupting/permeabilizing peptides (defensins, cecropins and diptericins), one family of proline rich peptides and several unknown antimicrobial substances. Resistance changes under long term selective pressure of the compound and reference antibiotics cefotaxime, meropenem and polymyxin B were tested using Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Acinetobacter baumannii clinical strains. All the strains readily developed resistance to the reference antibiotics, while no signs of resistance growth to the compound were registered. Similar results were obtained with the compounds isolated from 3 other fly species. The experiments revealed that natural compounds containing insect AMP complexes, in contrast to individual AMP and small molecule antibiotics, are well protected from resistance development in bacteria. Further progress in the research of natural AMP complexes may provide novel solutions to the drug resistance problem.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acinetobacter baumannii / drug effects
  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / pharmacology*
  • Diptera / chemistry
  • Drug Resistance, Bacterial
  • Escherichia coli / drug effects
  • Insect Proteins / pharmacology*
  • Klebsiella pneumoniae / drug effects
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides
  • Insect Proteins

Grants and funding

This work was supported by St.Petersburg State University (URL http://spbu.ru), grant number 1.39.323.2014 - SC, NG. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.