Synthesis and in Vivo Evaluation of [123I]Melanin-Targeted Agents

J Med Chem. 2015 Aug 13;58(15):6214-24. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00777. Epub 2015 Jul 29.

Abstract

This study reports the synthesis, [(123)I]radiolabeling, and biological profile of a new series of iodinated compounds for potential translation to the corresponding [(131)I]radiolabeled compounds for radionuclide therapy of melanoma. Radiolabeling was achieved via standard electrophilic iododestannylation in 60-90% radiochemical yield. Preliminary SPECT imaging demonstrated high and distinct tumor uptake of all compounds, as well as high tumor-to-background ratios compared to the literature compound [(123)I]4 (ICF01012). The most favorable compounds ([(123)I]20, [(123)I]23, [(123)I]41, and [(123)I]53) were selected for further biological investigation. Biodistribution studies indicated that all four compounds bound to melanin containing tissue with low in vivo deiodination; [(123)I]20 and [(123)I]53 in particular displayed high and prolonged tumor uptake (13% ID/g at 48 h). [(123)I]53 had the most favorable overall profile of the cumulative uptake over time of radiosensitive organs. Metabolite analysis of the four radiotracers found [(123)I]41 and [(123)I]53 to be the most favorable, displaying high and prolonged amounts of intact tracer in melanin containing tissues, suggesting melanin specific binding. Results herein suggest that compound [(123)I]53 displays favorable in vivo pharmacokinetics and stability and hence is an ideal candidate to proceed with further preclinical [(131)I] therapeutic evaluation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Iodine Radioisotopes / chemistry*
  • Iodine Radioisotopes / therapeutic use*
  • Melanins / chemistry*
  • Melanoma / radiotherapy*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

Substances

  • Iodine Radioisotopes
  • Melanins