Urokinase plasminogen activator receptor and its soluble form in common biopsy-proven kidney diseases and in staging of diabetic nephropathy

Chung-Ze Wu; Li-Chien Chang; Yuh-Feng Lin; Yi-Jen Hung; Dee Pei; Nain-Feng Chu; Jin-Shuen Chen

doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2015.07.001

Urokinase plasminogen activator receptor and its soluble form in common biopsy-proven kidney diseases and in staging of diabetic nephropathy

Clin Biochem. 2015 Dec;48(18):1324-9. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2015.07.001. Epub 2015 Jul 8.

Authors

Chung-Ze Wu¹, Li-Chien Chang², Yuh-Feng Lin³, Yi-Jen Hung⁴, Dee Pei⁵, Nain-Feng Chu⁶, Jin-Shuen Chen⁷

Affiliations

¹ Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
² School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
³ Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
⁴ Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
⁵ Department of Internal Medicine, Cardinal Tien Hospital, Xindian, Medical School, Catholic Fu Jen University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
⁶ Superintendent, Taitung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan, ROC; School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
⁷ Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address: dgschen@ndmctsgh.edu.tw.

PMID: 26162494
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2015.07.001

Abstract

Objectives: Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), derived from membrane bound uPAR, is associated with inflammatory diseases. In the present study, we explored the expression of uPAR/suPAR in common biopsy-proven kidney diseases and the relationship between suPAR and staging of type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN).

Design and methods: Serum samples for suPAR and renal tissues for uPAR staining were investigated in various common kidney diseases. The levels of serum suPAR were measured and adequate cut-off values of different stage of DN were calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

Results: In our results, the expression of uPAR on renal tissues was pronounced in the majority of kidney diseases. Comparing of expression of uPAR among different kidney diseases, it was strongest in minimal change disease (MCD) and weakest in chronic interstitial nephritis. Serum suPAR in most kidney diseases, except of MCD, was significantly elevated and was highest in DN. As for DN and suPAR, we found that suPAR progressively increased with staging of DN. Moreover, suPAR was linearly and negatively related to estimated glomerular filtration rate and positively related to the amount of proteinuria. By ROC curve, the cut-off values of suPAR in DN for assessing development increased with the progression of the disease.

Conclusions: We concluded that uPAR/suPAR is elevated in most kidney diseases and that suPAR is a useful biomarker for assessing stages of DN.

Keywords: Diabetic nephropathy; Proteinuria; Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adult
Aged
Biomarkers / blood
Diabetic Nephropathies / blood
Diabetic Nephropathies / diagnosis*
Diabetic Nephropathies / genetics
Diabetic Nephropathies / pathology
Disease Progression
Female
Gene Expression
Glomerular Filtration Rate
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Nephrectomy
Nephritis, Interstitial / blood
Nephritis, Interstitial / diagnosis*
Nephritis, Interstitial / genetics
Nephritis, Interstitial / pathology
Nephrosis, Lipoid / blood
Nephrosis, Lipoid / diagnosis*
Nephrosis, Lipoid / genetics
Nephrosis, Lipoid / pathology
Proteinuria / diagnosis*
Proteinuria / genetics
Proteinuria / pathology
ROC Curve
Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator / blood
Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator / genetics*
Severity of Illness Index

Substances

Biomarkers
Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator