Background: We reported our experience of adenocarcinoma of sigmoid colon neovagina.
Case presentation: A 67-year-old female with a history of neovagina construction for Rokitansky syndrome complained of vaginal bleeding. She had a mucinous adenocarcinoma at the anterior aspect of the neovagina. Her original surgery, using sigmoid colon to construct the artificial vagina, was 40 years ago
Conclusions: This patient's case may contribute to our understanding of carcinogenesis in the colon.