Medical device-induced thrombosis: what causes it and how can we prevent it?

I H Jaffer; J C Fredenburgh; J Hirsh; J I Weitz

doi:10.1111/jth.12961

Medical device-induced thrombosis: what causes it and how can we prevent it?

J Thromb Haemost. 2015 Jun:13 Suppl 1:S72-81. doi: 10.1111/jth.12961.

Authors

I H Jaffer^{1

2}, J C Fredenburgh^{1

3}, J Hirsh^{1

3}, J I Weitz^{1

3

4}

Affiliations

¹ Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
² Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
³ Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
⁴ Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

PMID: 26149053
DOI: 10.1111/jth.12961

Abstract

Blood-contacting medical devices, such as vascular grafts, stents, heart valves, and catheters, are often used to treat cardiovascular diseases. Thrombus formation is a common cause of failure of these devices. This study (i) examines the interface between devices and blood, (ii) reviews the pathogenesis of clotting on blood-contacting medical devices, (iii) describes contemporary methods to prevent thrombosis on blood-contacting medical devices, (iv) explains why some anticoagulants are better than others for prevention of thrombosis on medical devices, and (v) identifies future directions in biomaterial research for prevention of thrombosis on blood-contacting medical devices.

Keywords: catheters; factor XI; factor XII; medical devices; thrombosis.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Anticoagulants / adverse effects
Anticoagulants / therapeutic use*
Blood Coagulation / drug effects
Blood Vessel Prosthesis / adverse effects
Catheter Obstruction* / etiology
Coated Materials, Biocompatible
Fibrinolytic Agents / adverse effects
Fibrinolytic Agents / therapeutic use*
Graft Occlusion, Vascular / blood
Graft Occlusion, Vascular / etiology
Graft Occlusion, Vascular / prevention & control*
Heart Valve Prosthesis / adverse effects
Heart-Assist Devices / adverse effects
Humans
Prostheses and Implants / adverse effects*
Prosthesis Design
Prosthesis Failure*
Stents / adverse effects
Thrombosis / blood
Thrombosis / etiology
Thrombosis / prevention & control*
Vascular Access Devices / adverse effects*

Substances

Anticoagulants
Coated Materials, Biocompatible
Fibrinolytic Agents