A Practical Approach to Hypocalcaemia in Children

Endocr Dev. 2015:28:84-100. doi: 10.1159/000380997. Epub 2015 Jun 12.

Abstract

Hypocalcaemia is one of the commonest disorders of mineral metabolism seen in children and may be a consequence of several different aetiologies. These include a lack of secretion or function of parathyroid hormone, disorders of vitamin D metabolism and abnormal function of the calcium-sensing receptor. A practical approach to the investigation, diagnosis and subsequent management of hypocalcaemic disorders is presented.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Calcium / metabolism*
  • Child
  • DiGeorge Syndrome / complications
  • DiGeorge Syndrome / diagnosis
  • Humans
  • Hypercalciuria / complications
  • Hypercalciuria / diagnosis
  • Hypercalciuria / therapy
  • Hypocalcemia / diagnosis*
  • Hypocalcemia / etiology
  • Hypocalcemia / therapy
  • Hypoparathyroidism / complications
  • Hypoparathyroidism / diagnosis*
  • Hypoparathyroidism / therapy
  • Nephrocalcinosis / complications
  • Nephrocalcinosis / diagnosis
  • Nephrocalcinosis / therapy
  • Osteopetrosis / complications
  • Osteopetrosis / diagnosis
  • Osteopetrosis / therapy
  • Parathyroid Hormone / metabolism*
  • Pseudohypoparathyroidism / complications
  • Pseudohypoparathyroidism / diagnosis
  • Pseudohypoparathyroidism / therapy
  • Renal Insufficiency / complications
  • Renal Insufficiency / diagnosis*
  • Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors / complications
  • Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors / diagnosis
  • Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors / therapy
  • Vitamin D / metabolism*
  • Vitamin D Deficiency / complications
  • Vitamin D Deficiency / diagnosis*
  • Vitamin D Deficiency / therapy

Substances

  • Parathyroid Hormone
  • Vitamin D
  • Calcium

Supplementary concepts

  • Hypomagnesemia primary