Objectives: The aim of our study was to evaluate the frequency of genotypes and alleles of the -11391G>A and +45T>G polymorphisms of the ADIPOQ gene in Polish women with excessive weight gain during pregnancy. A possible correlation between these polymorphisms and selected clinical and anthropometric parameters has been analyzed.
Material and methods: A total of 153 pregnant Caucasian women of Polish origin with normal pre-pregnancy body mass were analyzed: 78 women with excessive weight gain (study group) and 75 women with normal weight gain during pregnancy (control group). The analysis of the polymorphisms was performed by PCR/RFLP.
Results: The influence of the -11391G>A polymorphism on body mass and BMI values at the end of pregnancy (p < 0.05) was observed. We also detected a correlation of the +45T>G polymorphism with body mass at the end of pregnancy and pre-pregnancy WHR values (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: The observed effect of the -11391G>A polymorphism on the parameters assessed at the end of pregnancy (BMI and body mass), suggests a protective role of the -11391A genetic variant in excessive weight gain. It is claimed that the mutated +45G allele of the +45T>G ADIPOQ polymorphism shows a possible connection with higher pre-pregnancy WHR values and body mass at the end of pregnancy Our findings suggest a possible contribution of the -11391G>A and +45T>G polymorphisms of the ADIPOQ gene to the pathomechanism of excessive weight gain in pregnant women from the Polish population. This observation should be confirmed in a larger sample size study