Pilon fractures are uncommon, representing approximately 5-10 % of all lower limb fractures. Pilon fractures are often associated with serious soft tissue injuries resulting in initial external fixation followed by internal fixation once the condition of the soft tissues has improved. Articular distal fractures of the tibia are classified as B3, C1, C2 and C3 fractures according to the AO Classification. Pilon fractures are usually the result of a high energy trauma. A low energy trauma such as a twisting injury of the ankle can also lead to a pilon fracture. Such low energy mechanisms of injury are rarely associated with significant soft tissue injury and can be immediately fixated internally. Pilon fractures are often associated with an unsatisfactory healing response. This is a result of a combination of factors including the severity of the trauma, the extent of the initial soft tissue injury and the accuracy of the articular surface reconstruction.
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.