Febrile seizures are the most common convulsive disorder and one of the most common nervous system diseases in childhood. Generally, the prognosis is good. Recent studies have revealed a greater understanding about many issues related to the diagnosis and treatment of febrile seizures, including the definition of febrile seizures, clinical diagnosis and evaluation, drug treatment, and prevention. Clinicians should note the association between febrile seizures and epilepsy syndromes. Excessive examination and treatment for patients should be avoided. Effective communication with the parents of patients and health education are also the key points of diagnosis and treatment.