Hepatotoxicity mechanisms of isoniazid: A mini-review

J Appl Toxicol. 2015 Dec;35(12):1427-32. doi: 10.1002/jat.3175. Epub 2015 Jun 10.

Abstract

Isoniazid (INH) is an antituberculosis drug associated with idiosyncratic liver injury in susceptible patients. INH-induced hepatotoxicity remains a significant clinical problem, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear, despite the growing evidence that INH and/or its major metabolite, hydrazine, play an important role in hepatotoxicity.

Keywords: CYP2E1; hepatotoxicity mechanisms; isoniazid.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antitubercular Agents / pharmacokinetics
  • Antitubercular Agents / toxicity*
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / enzymology
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / etiology*
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / pathology
  • Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / metabolism
  • Cytochrome P450 Family 2
  • Humans
  • Isoniazid / pharmacokinetics
  • Isoniazid / toxicity*
  • Mitochondria, Liver / drug effects
  • Mitochondria, Liver / pathology
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects

Substances

  • Antitubercular Agents
  • Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
  • CYP2F1 protein, human
  • Cytochrome P450 Family 2
  • Isoniazid