Case of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 apheresis in severe pre-eclampsia developed at 15 weeks' gestation

Abstract

Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt1), a circulating vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 antagonist, is associated with the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. Extracorporeal removal of sFlt1 (sFlt1 apheresis) is emerging as a treatment for pre-eclampsia. We performed sFlt1 apheresis for a patient with very early onset pre-eclampsia, beginning at 15 weeks' gestation. She underwent sFlt1 apheresis 13 times from 19 to 23 weeks' gestation. The series of treatments lowered circulating sFlt1, stabilized blood pressure, reduced urinary protein, and preserved renal function, which contributed to a successful prolongation of pregnancy for 4 weeks and a live birth at 23(+3) weeks' gestation. Further studies are necessary for clinical application of sFlt1 apheresis as sFlt1 might have a protective function for the placenta and fetus in pre-eclampsia.

Keywords: apheresis; dextran sulfate cellulose columns; pre-eclampsia; pregnancy; soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1.