The association studies based on candidate genes carried on for decades have helped in visualizing the influence of the genetic component in complex diseases such as atherosclerosis, also showing the interaction between different genes and environmental factors. Even with all the knowledge accumulated, there is still some way to go to decipher the individual predisposition to disease, and if we consider the great influence that environmental factors play in the development and progression of atherosclerosis, epigenetics is presented as a key element in trying to expand our knowledge on individual predisposition to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Epigenetics can be described as the discipline that studies the mechanisms of transcriptional regulation, independent of changes in the sequence of DNA, and mostly induced by environmental factors. This review aims to describe what epigenetics is and how epigenetic mechanisms are involved in atherosclerosis.
Keywords: ADN; Arteriosclerosis; Atherosclerosis; DNA; Epigenetics; Epigenética; Histonas; Histones; Methylation; Metilación; micro ARN; micro RNA.
Copyright © 2015 Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis. Published by Elsevier España. All rights reserved.