Emanuel Syndrome (ES): new case-report and review of the literature

Pril (Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki). 2015;36(1):205-8.

Abstract

Multiple congenital anomalies and craniofacial dysmorphism are characterizing the so-called Emanuel or supernumerary der(22)t(11;22) syndrome (OMIM609029). Mental and developmental retardation are major clinical features. The der(22) may arise from a parental balanced t(11;22)(q23;q11.2) or can be created de novo. Here we present a 2 years old boy with normal prenatal history, cyanotic at delivery and with ear anomalies, a preauricular tag, high-arched palate and micrognathia. There were neither microcephaly, nor heart or kidney defects. Psychological and motor testing at the age of 2 years confirmed significant mental and developmental delay. In addition, the child had seizures and an abnormal electroencephalogram. Cytogenetic and molecular analyses revealed a karyotype 47,XY,+der(22)t(11;22)(q23;q11.2). As parents refused further tests it could not be determined if the der(22) arose de novo or was parentally derived. Overall the present report should alert physician to offer cytogenetic and/or molecular diagnostics in comparable cases.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Abnormalities, Multiple / diagnosis*
  • Abnormalities, Multiple / genetics
  • Child, Preschool
  • Chromosome Disorders / diagnosis*
  • Chromosome Disorders / genetics
  • Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22 / genetics
  • Cleft Palate / diagnosis*
  • Cleft Palate / genetics
  • Craniofacial Abnormalities / diagnosis*
  • Craniofacial Abnormalities / genetics
  • Developmental Disabilities / diagnosis*
  • Developmental Disabilities / genetics
  • Heart Defects, Congenital / diagnosis*
  • Heart Defects, Congenital / genetics
  • Humans
  • Intellectual Disability / diagnosis*
  • Intellectual Disability / genetics
  • Karyotyping
  • Male
  • Muscle Hypotonia / diagnosis*
  • Muscle Hypotonia / genetics
  • Seizures / diagnosis*
  • Seizures / genetics

Supplementary concepts

  • Emanuel syndrome