Muscadine grape seed oil as a novel source of tocotrienols to reduce adipogenesis and adipocyte inflammation

Food Funct. 2015 Jul;6(7):2293-302. doi: 10.1039/c5fo00261c.

Abstract

Tocotrienols are unsaturated forms of vitamin E previously shown to reduce adipogenesis and adipose inflammation. In this study, muscadine grape seed oil (MGSO) was identified as a novel source of tocotrienols containing significant amounts of α- and γ-tocotrienol (T3) with minor seasonal changes. The aim of this study was to assess the anti-adipogenic and anti-inflammatory potential of MGSO by using primary human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs). Differentiating hASCs were treated with MGSO and compared with rice bran and olive oil. Accumulation of triglyceride was significantly lower in MGSO-treated hASCs than rice bran and olive oils. A tocotrienol rich fraction (TRF) from MGSO was prepared by solid phase extraction and eluted with 15% 1,4-dioxane in hexane. The MGSO-derived TRF treatment significantly reduced mRNA and protein expression that are crucial to adipogenesis (e.g., PPARγ and aP2) in hASCs. Furthermore, TRF from MGSO markedly reduced LPS-induced proinflammatory gene expression in human adipocytes and cytokine secretion to the medium (IL-6 and IL-8). Collectively, our work suggests that MGSO is a stable and reliable natural source of T3 and MGSO may constitute a new dietary strategy to attenuate obesity and its associated adipose inflammation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adipocytes / cytology
  • Adipocytes / drug effects*
  • Adipocytes / immunology
  • Adipogenesis / drug effects*
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology*
  • Humans
  • Interleukin-6 / genetics
  • Interleukin-6 / immunology
  • Interleukin-8 / genetics
  • Interleukin-8 / immunology
  • PPAR gamma / genetics
  • PPAR gamma / immunology
  • Plant Oils / pharmacology*
  • Seeds / chemistry
  • Tocotrienols / pharmacology*
  • Vitis / chemistry*

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Interleukin-6
  • Interleukin-8
  • PPAR gamma
  • Plant Oils
  • Tocotrienols