The Parthenogenetic Cosmopolitan Chironomid, Paratanytarsus grimmii, as a New Standard Test Species for Ecotoxicology: Culturing Methodology and Sensitivity to Aqueous Pollutants

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2015 Sep;95(3):350-6. doi: 10.1007/s00128-015-1578-5. Epub 2015 Jun 12.

Abstract

Chironomids from the genus Chironomus are widely used in laboratory ecotoxicology, but are prone to inbreeding depression, which can compromise test results. The standard Chironomus test species (C. riparius, C. dilutus and C. yoshimatsui) are also not cosmopolitan, making it difficult to compare results between geographic regions. In contrast, the chironomid Paratanytarsus grimmii is cosmopolitan, and not susceptible to inbreeding depression because it reproduces asexually by apomictic parthenogenesis. However, there is no standardised culturing methodology for P. grimmii, and a lack of acute toxicity data for common pollutants (metals and pesticides). In this study, we developed a reliable culturing methodology for P. grimmii. We also determined 24-h first instar LC50s for the metals Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and the insecticide imidacloprid. By developing this culturing methodology and generating the first acute metal and imidacloprid LC50s for P. grimmii, we provide a basis for using P. grimmii in routine ecotoxicological testing.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Chironomidae / drug effects*
  • Chironomidae / physiology
  • Ecotoxicology
  • Imidazoles / toxicity*
  • Insecticides / toxicity*
  • Lethal Dose 50
  • Metals, Heavy / toxicity*
  • Neonicotinoids
  • Nitro Compounds / toxicity*
  • Parthenogenesis
  • Toxicity Tests / methods*
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / toxicity*

Substances

  • Imidazoles
  • Insecticides
  • Metals, Heavy
  • Neonicotinoids
  • Nitro Compounds
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical
  • imidacloprid