Using a set of 10 microsatellite loci (Gram-22, Gram-30, Gpa-12, Gpa-38, Gpa-39, Gj-M15, Gj-M34, Gj-4066, Gj-8077, Gj-2298) a high level of genetic variability (N(A) = 10.2, H(O) = = 0.684, H(E) = 0.728) and low genetic differentiation (F(ST) = 0.011) in the Common crane (Grus grus L.) was detected throughout its range. Genetic diversity in disputed western (G. g. grus) and eastern (G. g. lilfordi) sub- species was shown to be similar. Spatial distribution of multi-locus individual genotypes has not been revealed (R(XY) = 0.017). Despite low differentiation, subspecies and local populations of the Common crane should be considered as separate conservational units. Organization of programs for gene pool conservation and monitor- ing requires more detailed analysis based on combined analysis of various molecular markers.