Identification of phenolics in the fruit of emblica (Phyllanthus emblica L.) and their antioxidant activities

Xiaoli Liu; Chun Cui; Mouming Zhao; Jinshui Wang; Wei Luo; Bao Yang; Yueming Jiang

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.01.071

Identification of phenolics in the fruit of emblica (Phyllanthus emblica L.) and their antioxidant activities

Food Chem. 2008 Aug 15;109(4):909-15. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.01.071. Epub 2008 Feb 15.

Authors

Xiaoli Liu¹, Chun Cui¹, Mouming Zhao², Jinshui Wang¹, Wei Luo¹, Bao Yang³, Yueming Jiang³

Affiliations

¹ College of Light Industry and Food Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China.
² College of Light Industry and Food Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: femmzhao@scut.edu.cn.
³ South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Leyiju 510650, People's Republic of China.

PMID: 26050007
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.01.071

Abstract

An activity-directed fractionation and purification process was used to identify the antioxidative components of emblica fruit. Dried fruit of emblica was extracted with methanol and then partitioned by ethyl ether, ethyl acetate, butanol and water. The ethyl acetate fraction showed the strongest 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity among four fractions. The ethyl acetate fraction was then subjected to separation and purification using Sephadex LH-20 chromatography and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Six compounds were identified to be geraniin (1), quercetin 3-β-d-glucopyranoside (2), kaempferol 3-β-d-glucopyranoside (3), isocorilagin (4), quercetin (5), and kaempferol (6), respectively, by spectral methods, (1)H and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry and mass spectroscopy (MS), and comparison with literatures. Compounds 2-4 and 6 were identified from emblica fruit for the first time. Furthermore, the antioxidant activities of purified compounds were screened for their antioxidative potential using lipid peroxidation and DPPH systems. All the purified compounds showed strong antioxidant and radical scavenging activities. Amongst, geraniin showed the highest antioxidant activity (4.7 and 65.7μM of IC50 values for DPPH and lipid peroxidation assay, respectively) than other purified compounds.

Keywords: Antioxidatant activity; Identification; Phenolic; Phyllanthus emblica L..