Regulators and industry need clear rules for identification and grouping of nanomaterials for a streamlined quantitative hazard evaluation. Therefore, we provide convincing reasons for (i) why to introduce pragmatic definition of identities for nanomaterials, (ii) how to combine them into entities, and ultimately (iii) how the entities might be evaluated with testing strategies based on clouds of similar nanomaterials.
Keywords: Entity of nanomaterials; Grouping; Hazard assessment of nanomaterials; Identity of nanomaterials; Regulatory toxicology; Sameness; Testing strategy.
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