Multipathway modulation of exercise and glucose stress effects upon GH secretion in healthy men

Metabolism. 2015 Sep;64(9):1022-30. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2015.05.008. Epub 2015 May 15.

Abstract

Objective: Exercise evokes pulsatile GH release followed by autonegative feedback, whereas glucose suppresses GH release followed by rebound-like GH release (feedforward escape). Here we test the hypothesis that age, sex steroids, insulin, body composition and physical power jointly determine these dynamic GH responses.

Methods: This was a prospectively randomized glucose-blinded study conducted in the Mayo Center for Advancing Translational Sciences in healthy men ages 19-77 years (N=23). Three conditions, fasting/rest/saline, fasting/exercise/saline and fasting/rest/iv glucose infusions, were used to drive GH dynamics during 10-min blood sampling for 6h. Linear correlation analysis was applied to relate peak/nadir GH dynamics to age, sex steroids, insulin, CT-estimated abdominal fat and physical power (work per unit time).

Results: Compared with the fasting/rest/saline (control) day, fasting/exercise/saline infusion evoked peak GH within 1h, followed by negative feedback 3-5h later. The dynamic GH excursion was strongly (R(2)=0.634) influenced by (i) insulin negatively (P=0.011), (ii) power positively (P=0.0008), and (iii) E2 positively (P=0.001). Dynamic glucose-modulated GH release was determined by insulin negatively (P=0.0039) and power positively (P=0.0034) (R(2)=0.454). Under rest/saline, power (P=0.031) and total abdominal fat (P=0.012) (R(2)=0.267) were the dominant correlates of GH excursions.

Conclusion: In healthy men, dynamic GH perturbations induced by exercise and glucose are strongly related to physical power, insulin, estradiol, and body composition, thus suggesting a network of regulatory pathways.

Keywords: Age; Body composition; Metabolic; Somatotropin.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Abdominal Fat / metabolism
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aging / metabolism
  • Body Composition / physiology
  • Exercise / physiology*
  • Fasting / metabolism
  • Feedback, Physiological
  • Glucose / metabolism
  • Glucose / pharmacology*
  • Gonadal Steroid Hormones / blood
  • Human Growth Hormone / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Insulin / metabolism
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Muscle Strength / physiology
  • Prospective Studies
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Gonadal Steroid Hormones
  • Insulin
  • Human Growth Hormone
  • Glucose