Entropy-Based TOA Estimation and SVM-Based Ranging Error Mitigation in UWB Ranging Systems

Zhendong Yin; Kai Cui; Zhilu Wu; Liang Yin

doi:10.3390/s150511701

Entropy-Based TOA Estimation and SVM-Based Ranging Error Mitigation in UWB Ranging Systems

Sensors (Basel). 2015 May 21;15(5):11701-24. doi: 10.3390/s150511701.

Authors

Zhendong Yin¹, Kai Cui², Zhilu Wu³, Liang Yin⁴

Affiliations

¹ School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China. yinzhendong@hit.edu.cn.
² School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China. kaicui007@gmail.com.
³ School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China. wuzhilu@hit.edu.cn.
⁴ School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China. ylxt2009@163.com.

Abstract

The major challenges for Ultra-wide Band (UWB) indoor ranging systems are the dense multipath and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) problems of the indoor environment. To precisely estimate the time of arrival (TOA) of the first path (FP) in such a poor environment, a novel approach of entropy-based TOA estimation and support vector machine (SVM) regression-based ranging error mitigation is proposed in this paper. The proposed method can estimate the TOA precisely by measuring the randomness of the received signals and mitigate the ranging error without the recognition of the channel conditions. The entropy is used to measure the randomness of the received signals and the FP can be determined by the decision of the sample which is followed by a great entropy decrease. The SVM regression is employed to perform the ranging-error mitigation by the modeling of the regressor between the characteristics of received signals and the ranging error. The presented numerical simulation results show that the proposed approach achieves significant performance improvements in the CM1 to CM4 channels of the IEEE 802.15.4a standard, as compared to conventional approaches.

Keywords: SVM; TOA; UWB; entropy; error mitigation; ranging.