Radiocaesium activity concentrations in parmelioid lichens within a 60 km radius of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant

J Environ Radioact. 2015 Aug:146:125-33. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.04.013. Epub 2015 May 20.

Abstract

Radiocaesium activity concentrations ((134)Cs and (137)Cs) were measured in parmelioid lichens collected within the Fukushima Prefecture approximately 2 y after the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. A total of 44 samples consisting of nine species were collected at 16 points within a 60 km radius of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant. The activity concentration of (134)Cs ranged from 4.6 to 1000 kBq kg(-1) and for (137)Cs ranged from 7.6 to 1740 kBq kg(-1). A significant positive correlation was found between the (137)Cs activity concentration in lichens and the (137)Cs deposition density on soil (n = 44), based on the calculated Spearman's rank correlation coefficients as r = 0.90 (P < 0.01). The two dominant species, Flavoparmelia caperata (n = 12) and Parmotrema clavuliferum (n = 11), showed strong positive correlations, for which the r values were calculated as 0.92 (P < 0.01) and 0.90 (P < 0.01) respectively. Therefore, Flavoparmelia caperata and Parmotrema clavuliferum are suggested as biomonitoring species for levels of radiocaesium fallout within the Fukushima Prefecture.

Keywords: Biomonitor; Fallout; Flavoparmelia caperata; Fukushima; Parmotrema clavuliferum; Radiocesium.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cesium Radioisotopes / analysis*
  • Cesium Radioisotopes / metabolism
  • Endangered Species
  • Fukushima Nuclear Accident
  • Japan
  • Nuclear Power Plants*
  • Parmeliaceae / chemistry*
  • Parmeliaceae / metabolism*
  • Radiation Monitoring*
  • Radioactive Fallout / analysis*
  • Soil Pollutants, Radioactive / analysis*
  • Soil Pollutants, Radioactive / metabolism

Substances

  • Cesium Radioisotopes
  • Radioactive Fallout
  • Soil Pollutants, Radioactive