The analysis of a problem state of chronic hepatitis C in children was conducted. Data on primary incidence of chronic hepatitis C at the children's population as on the territory of the Russian Federation, and abroad are submitted. Problems of diagnosis of a HCV infection are studied. The survey analysis of risk of contamination is carried out, possible ways of transfer are highlighted, features of a course of a HCV infection in children are shown, synchronising frequency of a process is displayed. The problem is analysed now, and further prospects in treatment of chronic viral hepatitis C in children are estimated.