Effects of mood inductions by meal ambiance and moderate alcohol consumption on endocannabinoids and N-acylethanolamines in humans: a randomized crossover trial

PLoS One. 2015 May 11;10(5):e0126421. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126421. eCollection 2015.

Abstract

Background: The endocannabinoid system is suggested to play a regulatory role in mood. However, the response of circulating endocannabinoids (ECs) to mood changes has never been tested in humans. In the present study, we examined the effects of mood changes induced by ambiance and moderate alcohol consumption on plasma ECs 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), anandamide (AEA), and some N-acylethanolamine (NAE) congeners in humans.

Methods: Healthy women (n = 28) participated in a randomized cross-over study. They consumed sparkling white wine (340 mL; 30 g alcohol) or alcohol-free sparkling white wine (340 mL; <2 g alcohol) as part of a standard evening meal in a room with either a pleasant or an unpleasant ambiance.

Results: Plasma concentrations of palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and stearoylethanolamide (SEA) increased after 30 min in the unpleasant ambiance, while they decreased in the pleasant ambiance. Changes in ECs and their NAE congeners correlated with mood states, such as happiness and fatigue, but in the pleasant ambiance without alcohol only. ECs and their NAE congeners were correlated with serum free fatty acids and cortisol.

Conclusion: This is the first human study to demonstrate that plasma NAEs are responsive to an unpleasant meal ambiance. Furthermore, associations between mood states and ECs and their NAE congeners were observed.

Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01426022.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Affect / drug effects
  • Affect / physiology*
  • Alcohol Drinking / adverse effects*
  • Amides
  • Cross-Over Studies
  • Endocannabinoids / blood*
  • Ethanolamines / blood*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Palmitic Acids / blood
  • Stearic Acids / blood
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Amides
  • Endocannabinoids
  • Ethanolamines
  • N-acylethanolamines
  • Palmitic Acids
  • Stearic Acids
  • stearoylethanolamide
  • palmidrol

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01426022

Grants and funding

This work was supported both by the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs, Agriculture and Innovation and by the Dutch Foundation for Alcohol Research (SAR) representing Dutch producers of and traders in beer, wine and spirits and TNO (Grant EZ1503). Their joint aim is to independently study the health effects of moderate alcohol consumption. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.