Elevation of cardiovascular risk by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2015 Nov;25(8):726-35. doi: 10.1016/j.tcm.2015.03.006. Epub 2015 Mar 12.

Abstract

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most frequently used medications. NSAIDs profoundly modify prostaglandin homeostasis through inhibition of the enzyme, cyclooxygenase (COX), especially COX-2. COX-2 inhibition is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes as demonstrated by recent trials using this type of drug. This review explores the latest available data, including recent, randomized, clinical trials, controversies, and pathophysiology of the adverse effects of COX-inhibition.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / adverse effects*
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / therapeutic use
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / enzymology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / etiology*
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / physiopathology
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Cyclooxygenase 1 / drug effects
  • Cyclooxygenase 1 / metabolism*
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 / drug effects
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 / metabolism*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Homeostasis / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Lactones / adverse effects
  • Lactones / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Naproxen / adverse effects
  • Naproxen / therapeutic use
  • Prevalence
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Risk Assessment
  • Sulfones / adverse effects
  • Sulfones / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
  • Lactones
  • Sulfones
  • rofecoxib
  • Naproxen
  • Cyclooxygenase 1
  • Cyclooxygenase 2