Hypertension and Life-Threatening Bleeding in Children with Relapsed Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia Treated with FLT3 Inhibitors

Turk J Haematol. 2015 Sep;32(3):263-6. doi: 10.4274/tjh.2014.0250. Epub 2015 Apr 27.

Abstract

Experiences with new multikinase inhibitors are limited, especially in children. In this report we summarize our experience with 2 patients with relapsed acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), one with FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3-internal tandem duplication mutation and the other with a single base mutation (D835Y). Both patients received sorafenib, one for 19 days and the other for 42 days, with clofarabine-including chemotherapy. One additionally received sunitinib for a total of 20 days. Both patients developed severe pancytopenia, hypertension, life-threatening bleedings from the gastrointestinal system, and, finally, intrapulmonary hemorrhage. Although both reached severe aplasia of the bone marrow without blastic infiltration, death occurred with neutropenic sepsis.

Multikinaz inhibitörleri ile deneyim, özellikle çocuklarda çok sınırlıdır. Burada, biri FMS-like tirozin kinaz 3-ITD ve diğeri tek baz mutasyonu (D835Y) taşıyan nüks akut miyeloblastik lösemi (AML) tanılı iki hastadan edindiğimiz deneyimi sunmak istedik. Her iki hasta sorafenib (biri 19, diğeri 42 gün olmak üzere) tedavisini klofarabin içeren yoğun kemoterapi protokolü ile birlikte aldı. D835Y mutasyonu bulunan hasta daha sonra 20 gün sunitinib ile tedaviye devam etti. Her iki hastada da ağır pansitopeni, hipertansiyon, yaşamı tehdit eden gastrointestinal sistem kanaması ve pulmoner kanama gelişti. Her iki hastanın kemik iliğinde ağır bir aplazi sağlanmış olsa da blastik infiltrasyon görülmeden nötropenik sepsisle hastalar kaybedildi.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Acidosis / chemically induced
  • Acute Kidney Injury / chemically induced
  • Adenine Nucleotides / administration & dosage
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / adverse effects*
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Arabinonucleosides / administration & dosage
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Clofarabine
  • Cytarabine / administration & dosage
  • Fatal Outcome
  • Female
  • Hemorrhage / chemically induced*
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / chemically induced*
  • Indoles / administration & dosage
  • Indoles / adverse effects*
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / complications
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / drug therapy*
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / enzymology
  • Male
  • Neoplasm Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Niacinamide / administration & dosage
  • Niacinamide / adverse effects
  • Niacinamide / analogs & derivatives*
  • Pain / chemically induced
  • Pancytopenia / chemically induced
  • Phenylurea Compounds / administration & dosage
  • Phenylurea Compounds / adverse effects*
  • Protease Inhibitors / adverse effects*
  • Protease Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Pyrroles / administration & dosage
  • Pyrroles / adverse effects*
  • Salvage Therapy / adverse effects
  • Sepsis / etiology
  • Sorafenib
  • Sunitinib
  • fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3 / antagonists & inhibitors*

Substances

  • Adenine Nucleotides
  • Arabinonucleosides
  • Indoles
  • Neoplasm Proteins
  • Phenylurea Compounds
  • Protease Inhibitors
  • Pyrroles
  • Cytarabine
  • Niacinamide
  • Clofarabine
  • Sorafenib
  • FLT3 protein, human
  • fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3
  • Sunitinib