Surface modification of multipass caliber-rolled Ti alloy with dexamethasone-loaded graphene for dental applications

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2015 May 13;7(18):9598-607. doi: 10.1021/acsami.5b03431. Epub 2015 May 4.

Abstract

Titanium (Ti) and its alloys with a high mechanical strength and a small diameter can be effectively exploited for minimally invasive dental implantation. Here, we report a multipass caliber-rolled Ti alloy of Ti13Nb13Zr (MPCR-TNZ) with a high mechanical strength and strong fatigue characteristics. For further dental applications, MPCR-TNZ was surface-modified with reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and loaded with osteogenic dexamethasone (Dex) via π-π stacking on the graphitic domain of RGO. The Dex-loaded RGO-MPCR-TNZ (Dex/RGO-MPCR-TNZ) resulted in significantly enhanced growth and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells into osteoblasts, which was confirmed by Alizarin red staining, alkaline phosphatase activity test, immunocytochemistry, and real-time PCR. Moreover, we could confirm the feasibility of Dex/RGO-MPCR-TNZ from the implantation test of a prototype of a dental implant to an artificial bone block for clinical dental applications.

Keywords: dental implant; graphene; osseointegration; titanium alloy; π−π stacking.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alloys / chemistry*
  • Animals
  • Cell Differentiation / drug effects
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Dentistry / methods*
  • Dexamethasone / pharmacology*
  • Fluorescent Antibody Technique
  • Gene Expression Regulation / drug effects
  • Graphite / chemistry*
  • Mechanical Phenomena
  • Mice
  • Microscopy, Atomic Force
  • Osteoblasts / cytology
  • Osteoblasts / drug effects
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Stem Cells / cytology
  • Stem Cells / drug effects
  • Surface Properties
  • Titanium / chemistry*

Substances

  • Alloys
  • Graphite
  • Dexamethasone
  • Titanium