Lipid-Encapsulated Echium Oil (Echium plantagineum) Increases the Content of Stearidonic Acid in Plasma Lipid Fractions and Milk Fat of Dairy Cows

J Agric Food Chem. 2015 May 20;63(19):4827-35. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b00857. Epub 2015 May 11.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of feeding lipid-encapsulated echium oil (EEO) on animal performance and milk fatty acid profile. Twelve Holstein dairy cows were used in a 3 × 3 Latin Square design with 14 day periods. Treatments were a control diet (no supplemental fat), 1.5% dry matter (DM) as EEO and 3.0% DM as EEO. Treatments had no negative effect on animal performance (dry matter intake, milk yield, and fat yield). The milk fat content of total n-3 fatty acids and stearidonic acid (SDA) increased with EEO supplementation (P < 0.001). The proportion of SDA increased in all plasma lipid fractions with EEO supplementation (P < 0.001). Transfer of SDA from EEO into milk fat was 3.4 and 3.2% for the 1.5 and 3% EEO treatments, respectively. In conclusion, EEO increases the content of n-3 fatty acids in milk fat; however, the apparent transfer efficiency was low.

Keywords: bioactive fatty acids; blood metabolites; plasma lipid fractions; transfer efficiency; γ-linolenic acid.

MeSH terms

  • Animal Feed / analysis
  • Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
  • Animals
  • Cattle / metabolism*
  • Dietary Supplements / analysis
  • Digestion
  • Echium / chemistry
  • Echium / metabolism*
  • Fats / analysis*
  • Fats / metabolism
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / blood*
  • Female
  • Lipids / blood*
  • Milk / chemistry*
  • Milk / metabolism
  • Plant Oils / chemistry
  • Plant Oils / metabolism*

Substances

  • Fats
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-3
  • Lipids
  • Plant Oils
  • stearidonic acid