According to the most recent taxonomic literature, three species of the genus Eresus are known in Central Europe, Eresuskollari, Eresussandaliatus and Eresusmoravicus. We recognized a fourth distinctive species from Hungary, which is described as Eresushermani sp. n. Eresushermani has an early spring copulation period, females have a light grey (grizzled) cephalothorax due to a heavy cover of lightly colored setae, and an epigyne with large flat areas posterior to the epigynal pit, while males are distinguished by a broad and blunt terminal tooth of the conductor. An updated and modified comparative table of Řezáč et al. (2008) to include all four Central European Eresus species, and a simple key to the species group's species are given. Habitus, epigyne, vulva and conductor of Eresuskollari, Eresusmoravicus and Eresussandaliatus are also illustrated. An annotated list of papers illustrating Eresushermani due to misidentifications is presented.
Keywords: Eresus; Ladybird spiders.