New ICA criteria for the diagnosis of acute kidney injury in cirrhotic patients: can we use an imputed value of serum creatinine?

Liver Int. 2015 Sep;35(9):2108-14. doi: 10.1111/liv.12852. Epub 2015 May 7.

Abstract

Background & aims: The new International Club of Ascites diagnostic criteria to diagnose acute kidney injury at hospital admission suggests the possibility of using a presumed baseline serum creatinine, defined as the last of at least two stable creatinine values during the last 3 months. Nevertheless, the possibility of the lack of such a value still remains. In these patients, the KDIGO criteria suggest to use an inverse application of MDRD equation assuming that baseline glomerular filtration rate is 75 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) (imputed baseline creatinine). We tested the accuracy of this approach to detect acute kidney injury at admission in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and creatinine <1.5 mg/dl.

Methods: We analysed 213 patients hospitalized for acute decompensation of cirrhosis. At admission, glomerular filtration rate was estimated using creatinine-based equations and measured by inulin clearance. A diagnosis of acute kidney injury was made using an imputed value of serum creatinine as baseline.

Results: The diagnosis of AKI based on an imputed baseline creatinine identified only 20.1% of patients with measured glomerular filtration rate ≤60 ml/min/1.73 m(2) without any predictive value on 90-day survival.

Conclusions: In patients with cirrhosis and ascites with a creatinine <1.5 mg/dl without a baseline value on their records, the diagnosis of acute kidney injury at admission based on an imputed baseline creatinine is not accurate.

Keywords: acute kidney injury; cirrhosis; creatinine; glomerular filtration rate; renal failure.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Kidney Injury / diagnosis*
  • Aged
  • Ascites / diagnosis*
  • Creatinine / blood*
  • Female
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate*
  • Hospitalization
  • Humans
  • Liver Cirrhosis / complications*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic
  • Societies, Medical
  • Survival Rate

Substances

  • Creatinine