The role of chemotherapy and surgical removal in the treatment of Choroid Plexus carcinomas and atypical papillomas

Childs Nerv Syst. 2015 Jul;31(7):1079-88. doi: 10.1007/s00381-015-2697-3. Epub 2015 Apr 12.

Abstract

Introduction: We performed a retrospective study on clinical assessment, tumor location, radiological imaging, histopathological characteristics, and therapeutic management of 7 patients affected by choroid plexus carcinoma (CPC) or atypical choroid plexus papilloma (ACPP) who have been observed in the last 12 years.

Methods: Four patients fulfilled the criteria for classification as ACPP and three cases as CPC. The median age of the patients at the diagnosis was 42 months (range 3-190 months). Except one older patient (15 years old), all patients were younger than 3 years of age. In all patients affected by ACPP, a total surgical resection was achieved. Two children relapsed 12 and 8 months following radical removal. Both of them underwent adjuvant chemotherapy (carboplatin, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, doxorubicin, and methotrexate); a complete remission was maintained in all cases. In all three patients with CPC, it was impossible to achieve complete resection at first surgery. The response to chemotherapy was variable: in one case, it was complete with complete remission following 6 months; in one case, it was partial with reduction on volume (the patient underwent second-look surgery with complete resection); in the third case, there was no response and the patient progressed and finally died with metastatic disease, 8 months after chemotherapy was started. For children with CPC, the OS was 75% at 6 years.

Results: In our series, surgery associated with chemotherapy led to long-term survival in 4/4 patients affected by ACPP and 2/3 patients affected by CPC. Clinical results achieved in our series confirm that our therapeutic regimen is feasible and efficient as a possible adjuvant treatment for both CPC and ACPP. It also suggests that surgery has a pivotal role in the management of most children affected by CPTs.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Carcinoma / diagnosis
  • Carcinoma / drug therapy*
  • Carcinoma / surgery*
  • Child, Preschool
  • Choroid Plexus / pathology
  • Choroid Plexus Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Choroid Plexus Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Choroid Plexus Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Papilloma, Choroid Plexus / diagnosis
  • Papilloma, Choroid Plexus / drug therapy*
  • Papilloma, Choroid Plexus / surgery*
  • Retrospective Studies

Supplementary concepts

  • Choroid Plexus Carcinoma