The early diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is based on the detection of markers of renal damage in urine collection. These urinary bio-markers are measurable before the appearance of functional defect, which is diagnosed with a decrease of glomerular filtration rate. Albuminuria, preferentially expressed as urinary albumin/creatinin ratio, is one of the marker of CKD. But today, other urinary biomarkers, monitoring tubulointersticial damage, are of interest in early diagnosis of CKD. In acute kidney injury, these markers could improve diagnostic tests, since they increase faster than serum creatinin. We propose a review of the urinary biomarkers of renal dysfunction used in routine clinical practice in 2015.
Keywords: albuminuria; kidney dysfunction; proteinuria; urinary biomarkers.