The nickel(II) complex of guanidinium phenyl porphyrin, a specific G-quadruplex ligand, targets telomeres and leads to POT1 mislocalization in culture cells

J Biol Inorg Chem. 2015 Jun;20(4):729-38. doi: 10.1007/s00775-015-1260-8. Epub 2015 Apr 7.

Abstract

With the aim of finding selective and biologically active G-quadruplex ligands, modified porphyrin with bulky cationic substituents, meso-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-guanidinophenyl)porphyrin tetrahydrochloride, referred to as guanidinium phenyl porphyrin, was prepared. The corresponding nickel(II) and cobalt(III) metallated porphyrins were also synthesized. Interaction with quadruplexes was examined by means of fluorescence resonance energy transfer melting and surface plasmon resonance-based assays: the three compounds proved to bind to G-quadruplex DNA in a similar and highly selective way. Guanidinium phenyl porphyrin and its nickel(II) metallated derivative exhibit moderate cytotoxicity toward cells in culture. Strikingly, the nickel porphyrin derivative was able to displace hPOT1 shelterin protein from telomeres in human cells. Nickel(II) guanidinium phenyl porphyrin, a cationic bulky porphyrin is a powerful specific G-quadruplex DNA ligand. It enters the cells and induces shelterin modification.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Binding Sites / drug effects
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Circular Dichroism
  • Cobalt / chemistry
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer
  • G-Quadruplexes / drug effects*
  • Guanidine / chemistry*
  • Humans
  • Ligands
  • Metalloporphyrins / chemical synthesis
  • Metalloporphyrins / chemistry
  • Metalloporphyrins / pharmacology*
  • Molecular Structure
  • Nickel / chemistry*
  • Porphyrins / chemistry*
  • Protein Transport / drug effects
  • Shelterin Complex
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Surface Plasmon Resonance
  • Telomere / drug effects*
  • Telomere-Binding Proteins / metabolism*
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured

Substances

  • Ligands
  • Metalloporphyrins
  • POT1 protein, human
  • Porphyrins
  • Shelterin Complex
  • Telomere-Binding Proteins
  • Cobalt
  • Nickel
  • Guanidine