Non-carbapenem therapy of urinary tract infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae

Med Mal Infect. 2015 May;45(5):169-72. doi: 10.1016/j.medmal.2015.03.003. Epub 2015 Apr 4.

Abstract

Purpose: We determined the prevalence of ESBL Enterobacteriaceae in urinary tract infections among inpatients, identified risk factors of acquisition, and evaluated the effectiveness of alternatives to carbapenems.

Methods: The clinical, microbiological, and therapeutic data as well as the outcomes were recorded for all ESBL-E positive urine samples for three months.

Results: Thirty-one (4%) of the 762 Enterobacteriaceae positive cultures were ESBL producers. The predisposing conditions for being infected with those strains were: immunodepression (61%), recent hospitalization (52%), recent antibiotic therapy (52%), and urinary catheterization (61%). 19% of infections were community acquired. The seven cases of acute pyelonephritis and five of prostatitis were treated with piperacillin-tazobactam (5), fluoroquinolones (4), ceftazidime (2), or carbapenems (only 1) after specialized advice. Four (33%) patients relapsed at week 10: three were immunodepressed and three presented with bacteremia.

Conclusions: Alternatives to carbapenems (especially piperacillin-tazobactam) seem to be a good option for non-bacteremic UTI in immunocompetent patients.

Keywords: ESBL Enterobacteriaceae; Entérobactéries BLSE; Infection urinaire; Piperacillin-tazobactam; Pipéracilline-tazobactam; Urinary tract infection.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / classification
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Bacterial Proteins / physiology*
  • Catheter-Related Infections / drug therapy
  • Catheter-Related Infections / microbiology
  • Ceftazidime / therapeutic use
  • Community-Acquired Infections / drug therapy
  • Community-Acquired Infections / microbiology
  • Cross Infection / drug therapy
  • Cross Infection / microbiology
  • Enterobacteriaceae / drug effects
  • Enterobacteriaceae / enzymology*
  • Enterobacteriaceae Infections / drug therapy*
  • Enterobacteriaceae Infections / microbiology
  • Female
  • Fluoroquinolones / therapeutic use
  • Hospitalization
  • Hospitals, University
  • Humans
  • Immunocompromised Host
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Penicillanic Acid / analogs & derivatives
  • Penicillanic Acid / therapeutic use
  • Piperacillin / therapeutic use
  • Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination
  • Prevalence
  • Prostatitis / drug therapy
  • Prostatitis / microbiology
  • Recurrence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Urinary Tract Infections / drug therapy*
  • Urinary Tract Infections / microbiology
  • Young Adult
  • beta-Lactam Resistance*
  • beta-Lactamases / physiology*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Fluoroquinolones
  • Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination
  • Penicillanic Acid
  • Ceftazidime
  • beta-Lactamases
  • Piperacillin