Epidemiology of bladder cancer

Núria Malats; Francisco X Real

doi:10.1016/j.hoc.2014.10.001

Epidemiology of bladder cancer

Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2015 Apr;29(2):177-89, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2014.10.001.

Authors

Núria Malats¹, Francisco X Real²

Affiliations

¹ Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain. Electronic address: nuria@cnio.es.
² Epithelial Carcinogenesis Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain; Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain.

PMID: 25836927
DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2014.10.001

Abstract

Bladder cancer incidence is higher in old men, shows geographic variation, and is mostly an environmental disease. Cigarette smoking, occupational exposures, water arsenic, Schistosoma haematobium infestation, and some medications are the best established risk factors. Low-penetrance genetic factors also contribute to its origin, some through interaction with environmental factors. Bladder cancer has high prevalence and a low mortality, being largely a chronic disease. Data on environmental and genetic factors involved in the disease outcome are inconclusive.

Keywords: Arsenic; Bladder cancer; Genetic susceptibility; Incidence and prevalence; Occupational risk factors; Smoking; Urothelium.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Humans
Incidence
Prevalence
Risk Factors
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / epidemiology*
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / etiology