A major advance in the field of peripheral nerve repair has been the advent of stem and progenitor cell use to supplement the regenerative environment in animal models of nerve injury. As Schwann cell replacements, stem cells may be even better suited to promoting regeneration in these scenarios. We review the recent literature detailing the search for the definitive Schwann cell replacement cell, including a look at genetic modification of transplanted cells for nerve injury repair.
© 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.